The First Organ & Tissue Transplant in the World

CORNEA 

In December 1905, Austrian ophthalmologist Eduard Konrad Zirm performed the first successful transplant of the cornea. The recipient was Alois Glogar, a  45-year-old day-labourer whose corneas were damaged.
The donor was an 11-year-old boy name Karl Brauer who had iron metal foreign bodies irretrievably lodged in his eyes. when attempts to save him were unsuccessful, Brauer's father agreed to let Zirm transplant the boy's corneas into Glogar. Although complication affected one eye, the other remained clear, allowing Glogar to return to work.

FIRST KIDNEY TRANSPLANT

➽ First Deceased Donor
On June 17,1950, Dr Richard  H.lawler performed the first successful human Kidney transplant on 49-year-old Ruth Tucker with a kidney donated by a deceased donor. This transplant was conducted well before the development of immunosuppressant drugs and tissue typing which would have helped prevent organ rejection.

Ruth Tucker's kidney transplant surgery took only 1 hour, and 40 other doctors watched the surgery with some standing on tables to get a better view. The kidney was removed 1.0 months after the surgery due to rejection, but it gave Ruth's body the chance to resume normal kidney function. Ruth was then able to live another 5 years with her own kidney1! Dr Lawler never performed another kidney transplant saying in 1979, " I hist wanted to get it started."

➽First living Donor
On December 23rd, 1954 at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital in Boston a special human kidney transplant performed by de. Joseph Edward Murray would succeed for a long time.
Richard and Ronald Herrick were identical twins, but Richard was dying of kidney disease. Ronald donated one of his kidneys, and it was successfully transplanted into Richard. Because they
were identical twins, the organ did not appear foreign to Richard body, which did not reject it. A year later, Murray shared a noble prize for his groundbreaking work. for the Herrick brother< then 23, the result was more immediate and personal Ronald gave Richard eight more year of life.

FIRST LIVER TRANSPLANT

➽First Deceased Donor
Dr Thomas E.Starzal is known to most as the "Father of Transplantation " and a thinker who was always well ahead of his time. He performed the first successful liver transplant in 1967 on 19-month old Julie Rodriguez, who was suffering from liver cancer.
Julie became the first human liver recipient with survival exceeding one year. she died 400 days later. she charmed the entire hospital with her vivacious personality and Dr Starzal once remarked that Julie "became a metaphor for courage and human progress."

FIRST HEART TRANSPLANT

On December 3, 1967, 53-year-old Lewis Washkanshaky received the first human heart transplant in Cape Town, South Africa. The ground-breaking surgery was performed by Dr Christiaan Barnard Denise Darvall, a young accident victim was the donor.
Ater Washkansky's surgery, he was given drugs to suppress his immune system and keep his body from rejecting the heart. These drugs, however, left him susceptible to sickness, and 18 days later he died from double pneumonia. Despite the setback, Washkansky's new heart had functioned normally until his death.

FIRST LUNG TRANSPLANT

Dr James Hardy performed the first lung transplant in 1963 in Jackson Mississippi. Before proceeding with human lung transplantation, Dr Hardy and his team had performed approximately 400 transplant experiment on dogs without success!
Therefore the doctor felt that the first human recipient should be someone who had a fatal disease which justified undertaking the risky procedure> the patient was a 58-year-old man who had lung cancer resulting in lung collapse and recurrent pneumonia. Dr Hardy informed him about the risk in detail and he agreed to proceed.
After the initial success, the patient identified later as convicted murderer John Richard Russell developed kidney failure and died eighteen days after the transplant with functioning lungs.

 FIRST PANCREAS TRANSPLANT

The first successful pancreas transplant was performed together with a kidney transplant at the University of Minnesota by Doctors Richard Lille and William Kelly on December 17th 1966. The patient was a 28-year-old woman suffering from type 1 diabetes. A pancreas transplant is most effective in curing diabetes in curing diabetes in young people, the patient's blood sugar levels decreased immediately after the transplant but she died three months later from the pulmonary embolism.

It was only in 1969 that the same Minneapolis team recorded the first transplant where the survival rate was over a year.

SKIN TRANSPLANTATION

Sanskrit Manuscript document successful skin transplants as early as circa 3,000-2,500 B.C. Sanskrit documents describe skin grafting techniques used by the Hindu kormas (a caste of potters and tilemakers). To repair noses with buttock skin.
Indian surgeon Sushruta did rhinoplasty for nose reconstruction in the 2nd century. success or failure of these surgeries is not well documented.
The first modern successful skin transplant involving transplantation of skin tissue from one location on an individual's body to another location was performed by a German surgeon, Carl Bunger in 1823. Bunger was repairing a patient with a nose destroyed by syphilis. He grafted a small chunk of full-thickness flesh from the inner thigh to the nose successfully, in a method very reminiscent of Sushruta.